ATR (Answer To Reset).
The ATR is used for identifying cards. It usually contains some so-called historical characters which can be used to determine the type of card. Since the historical characters can be defined by the card issuer, they may also give a hint on the applications supported by the smartcard.
Een smartcard ie een processor, geheugen en software in een.
De software is zowel besturingssoftware als gegevens nodig om toegang tot zenders te regelen.